Duke of Nemours was a title in the

Peerage of France The Peerage of France (french: Pairie de France) was a hereditary distinction within the French nobility which appeared in 1180 in the Middle Ages. The prestigious title and position of Peer of France (french: Pair de France, links=no) was ...

. The name refers to

Nemours Nemours () is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Geography Nemours is located on the Loing and its canal, c. south of Melun, on the Moret–Lyon railway. Nemours – Saint-Pierre ...

in the

Île-de-France , timezone1 = CET , utc_offset1 = +01:00 , timezone1_DST = CEST , utc_offset1_DST = +02:00 , blank_name_sec1 = Gross regional product , blank_info_sec1 = Ranked 1st , bla ...

region of north-central

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

History

In the 12th and 13th centuries, the Lordship of Nemours, in the Gatinais,

, was a possession of the house of

Villebéon Villebéon () is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Demographics Inhabitants of Villebéon are called ''Villebéonais''. See also *Communes of the Seine-et-Marne department The fo ...

, a member of which, Gautier, was

marshal of France Marshal of France (french: Maréchal de France, plural ') is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished (1 ...

in the middle of the 13th century. The lordship was sold to King

Philip III of France Philip III (1 May 1245 – 5 October 1285), called the Bold (french: le Hardi), was King of France from 1270 until his death in 1285. His father, Louis IX, died in Tunis during the Eighth Crusade. Philip, who was accompanying him, returned ...

in 1274 and 1276 by

Jean Jean may refer to: People * Jean (female given name) * Jean (male given name) * Jean (surname) Fictional characters * Jean Grey, a Marvel Comics character * Jean Valjean, fictional character in novel ''Les Misérables'' and its adaptations * Jea ...

and Philippe de Nemours. It was then made a

county A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesChambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...

and given in 1364 to

Jean III de Grailly, captal de Buch Jean III de Grailly (aka. John De Grailly, died 7 September 1376), Captal de Buch, , was a Gascon nobleman and a military leader in the Hundred Years' War, who was praised by the chronicler Jean Froissart as an ideal of chivalry. Biography H ...

. In 1404,

Charles VI of France Charles VI (3 December 136821 October 1422), nicknamed the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé) and later the Mad (french: le Fol or ''le Fou''), was King of France from 1380 until his death in 1422. He is known for his mental illness and psychotic ...

gave it to

Charles III of Navarre Charles III (1361 – 8 September 1425), called the Noble, was King of Navarre from 1387 to his death and Count of Évreux from 1387 to 1404, when he exchanged it for the title Duke of Nemours. He spent his reign improving the infrastructure of h ...

and elevated it into a

duchy A duchy, also called a dukedom, is a Middle Ages, medieval country, territory, fiefdom, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess, a ruler hierarchically second to the king or Queen regnant, queen in Western European tradition. There once exis ...

in the peerage of France, in exchange to his ancestral

county of Évreux A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesChambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...

in Normandy. After being confiscated and restored several times, the duchy reverted to the French crown in 1504, after the extinction of the house of Armagnac-Pardiac. In 1507, it was given by

Louis XII of France Louis XII (27 June 14621 January 1515), was King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples from 1501 to 1504. The son of Charles, Duke of Orléans, and Maria of Cleves, he succeeded his 2nd cousin once removed and brother in law at the tim ...

to his nephew, Gaston de Foix, who was killed at the Battle of Ravenna in 1512. The duchy then returned to the

royal domain Crown land (sometimes spelled crownland), also known as royal domain, is a territorial area belonging to the monarch, who personifies the Crown. It is the equivalent of an entailed estate and passes with the monarchy, being inseparable from it ...

and was detached from it successively for

Giuliano de Medici Giuliano de' Medici (25 October 1453 – 26 April 1478) was the second son of Piero de' Medici (the Gouty) and Lucrezia Tornabuoni. As co-ruler of Florence, with his brother Lorenzo the Magnificent, he complemented his brother's image as the " ...

and his wife Philiberta of Savoy in 1515, for

Louise of Savoy Louise of Savoy (11 September 1476 – 22 September 1531) was a French noble and regent, Duchess ''suo jure'' of Auvergne and Bourbon, Duchess of Nemours, and the mother of King Francis I. She was politically active and served as the regent of Fra ...

in 1524, and for Philip of Savoy, Count of Genevois, in 1528. The descendants of Philip of Savoy held the duchy until its sale to

Louis XIV of France , house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Versa ...

. In 1672, Louis XIV gave it to his brother Philippe de France, Duke of Orléans, whose descendants held it until the

French Revolution The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considere ...

. It was one of the many subsidiary titles held by the

House of Orléans The 4th House of Orléans (french: Maison d'Orléans), sometimes called the House of Bourbon-Orléans (french: link=no, Maison de Bourbon-Orléans) to distinguish it, is the fourth holder of a surname previously used by several branches of the Ro ...

. The title of Duke of Nemours was afterwards given to Louis Charles d'Orléans, the second son of King Louis Philippe of the French.

List of lords

;House of Château-Landon *Orson (1120–1148) *Aveline (1148–1174), died 1196 Aveline married Walter of Villebéon, lord of

Beaumont-du-Gâtinais Beaumont-du-Gâtinais (, ''Beaumont of the Gâtinais'') is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Demographics The inhabitants are called ''Beaumontois''. See also *Communes of the Sein ...

, in 1150 and shared the lordship with him. They left it to their son in 1174. ;House of Villebéon *Walter I autier I(1150–1174), died 1205 *Philip I hilippe I(1174–1191) *Walter II

autier II Philippe Autier (born 29 December 1956) is a Belgian epidemiologist. He is doing research on cancer, where he contributed to the understanding of the role of UV exposure in cancer development. Biography Autier was born in Brussels, Belgium, and ...

(1191–1222) *Philip II hilippe II(1222–1255) *Walter III autier III(1255–1270) *Philip III hilippe III(1270–1274) The lordship was sold to the king in 1274.

List of dukes

House of Evreux (1404–1504)

* Charles d'Évreux (1361–1425), also King of Navarre After the death of Charles III in 1425, the Duchy was claimed both by the descendants of his younger daughter, Beatrice, and his elder daughter and heiress,

Blanche I of Navarre Blanche I (6 July 1387Anthony (1931) states that she was the fourth-born daughter of King Charles III of Navarre by Queen Eleanor, and she was preceded by Joan, Maria and Margaret and the two latter died early. Anthony defines Blanche's exact birt ...

Louis XI Louis XI (3 July 1423 – 30 August 1483), called "Louis the Prudent" (french: le Prudent), was King of France from 1461 to 1483. He succeeded his father, Charles VII. Louis entered into open rebellion against his father in a short-lived revol ...

settled the claim on

Jacques d'Armagnac Jacques d'Armagnac (4 August 1477), duke of Nemours, was the son of Bernard d'Armagnac, count of Pardiac, and Eleanor of Bourbon-La Marche. As the Count of Castres, Jacques served under Charles VII of France in Normandy in 1449 and 1450, and af ...

, grandson of Beatrice, in 1462, though Blanche's descendants, the kings of Navarre, claimed the title until 1571. * Eléanore de Bourbon (1425–c1462) *

(1462–1477) :''confiscated from Jacques at his execution for treason in 1477, restored to his son Jean in 1484'' * Jean d'Armagnac (1484–1500) * Louis d'Armagnac (1500–1503) * Marguerite d'Armagnac (1503) * Charlotte d'Armagnac (1503–1504) :The last descendant of Béatrix d'Évreux, she died without issue.

House of Foix (1507–1512)

* Gaston of Foix (1507–1512)

House of Medici (1515–1524)

* Giuliano de’ Medici (1515–1516), married to: * Philiberte of Savoy (1516–1524)

House of Savoy (1524–1672)

(1524–1531), Duchess of Angoulême,

Francis I of France Francis I (french: François Ier; frm, Francoys; 12 September 1494 – 31 March 1547) was King of France from 1515 until his death in 1547. He was the son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy. He succeeded his first cousin once ...

's mother. She received the duchy of Nemours in 1524 with the

duchy of Anjou The Duchy of Anjou (, ; ; la, Andegavia) was a French province straddling the lower Loire. Its capital was Angers, and its area was roughly co-extensive with the diocese of Angers. Anjou was bordered by Brittany to the west, Maine to the nort ...

. It was later transferred to her half-brother in 1528 and she received the duchy of Touraine in exchange.Pères Anselme & Ange, Histoire de la Maison Royale de France & des grands officiers, 1728, Tome III, p. 229-232 (Duchy of Touraine). She also received later the

Duchy of Auvergne This is a list of the various rulers of Auvergne. History In the 7th century Auvergne was disputed between the Franks and Aquitanians. It was later conquered by the Carolingians, and was integrated for a time into the kingdom of Aquitaine. The ...

. * Philip of Savoy (1528–1533) * Jacques of Savoy (1531–1585) * Charles Emmanuel of Savoy (1567–1595) * Henry of Savoy (1572–1632) *

Louis of Savoy Ludovico I or Louis I (Italian: Lodovico; 24 February 1413 – 29 January 1465) was Duke of Savoy from 1440 until his death in 1465. Life He was born at Geneva the son of Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy and Mary of Burgundy; he was the first to ho ...

(1615–1641) * Charles Amadeus of Savoy (1624–1652) * Henry of Savoy (1625–1659)

House of Orléans (1672–1848)

* Philippe de France (1640–1701) * Philippe d'Orléans (1674–1723), Regent of France 1715–1723, son of the above *

Louis d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans Louis may refer to: * Louis (coin) * Louis (given name), origin and several individuals with this name * Louis (surname) * Louis (singer), Serbian singer * HMS ''Louis'', two ships of the Royal Navy See also Derived or associated terms * Lewis ( ...

(1703–1752), son of the above * Louis Philippe d'Orléans (1725–1785), son of the above * Philippe d'Orléans, ''Philippe Égalité'' (1747–1793), son of the above * Louis Philippe d'Orléans (1773–1850), King of the French, 1830–1848, son of the above

Titular Dukes of the House of Orléans

* Louis Charles d'Orléans (1850–1896), son of the above * Charles Philippe d'Orléans (1905–1970), great-grandson of the above

Potential claimants of the House of Orléans-Braganza

In 1909, members of the

and the

House of Orléans-Braganza The House of Orléans-Braganza (Portuguese: ''Casa de Orléans e Bragança'') is a Brazilian noble house of Portuguese and French origin.Podesta, Don. 20 April 1993Claimants Dream of New Brazilian Monarchy It is a cadet branch of the House of B ...

signed the Pact of Brussels (also known as the Declaration of Brussel), the

Duke of Orléans Duke of Orléans (french: Duc d'Orléans) was a French royal title usually granted by the King of France to one of his close relatives (usually a younger brother or son), or otherwise inherited through the male line. First created in 1344 by King ...

being present. The dynastic pact created the title of

Prince of Orléans-Braganza Prince of Orléans-Bragança was a nobiliarchic title informally attributed to all direct and legitimate varony descendants of Louis Philippe Gaston de Orléans, count d'Eu and Imperial Prince Consort of Brazil, as consort of the last Imperial Pri ...

for the

Count d'Eu Prince Gaston of Orleans, Count of Eu (french: link=no, Louis Philippe Marie Ferdinand Gaston; 28 April 1842 – 28 August 1922) was a French prince and military commander who fought in the Spanish-Moroccan War and the Paraguayan War. He was ...

and his descendants, thus maintaining the princely status of his house, although this is considered a house distinct from the Royal House of France, and the Count d'Eu did not in fact recover his former position in the line of Orleans succession to the French throne. Under the Pact of Brussels the Count d'Eu and his sons equally undertook in his name and the name of his descendants not to contest in any way to the branch of the Duke d'Alençon the possession of the title of Duke of Nemours. Nevertheless, Charles Philippe d'Orléans, the last Duke of Nemours and only descendent of the Alençon, passed away without heirs opening the theoretical possibility for the Head of the House of Orléans-Braganza to claim said title without violating the family fact.

List of duchesses

This is a list of the Duchesses of Nemours and their original houses.

House of Évreux

House of Medici

House of Savoy

House of Orléans

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Duke Of Nemours House of Savoy House of Orléans Duchesses of Nemours Lists of duchesses fr:Liste des ducs de Nemours nl:Lijst van hertogen van Nemours pl:Władcy Nemours